To make a holist approach to determine age-structure and growth patterns in five species of anchovies associated to highly productive marine ecosystems, using otolith-daily based methodologies, in order to contribute to their fishery management. The five target species will be E. japonius, E. capensis, E. mordax, E. ringens and E. encrasicolus, which are fishery resources in western Japan, California, Benguela and Humboldt Current system and European coastal waters.

1.- To develop standardized methodological protocols for preparing otolith for examination of primary increments in juveniles and adult fishes if the five target species of anchovies. 2.- To determine the relationship between hatch date distributions and catch date distribution for the five target species so as make clear how fast recruit anchovies to fishery. 3.- To make a comprehensive and comparative analysis of age and growth patterns in juveniles (immature) fish for samples recollected in five productive marine systems in a same given year. 4.- To determine the correspondence between macro growth bands of otolith (opaque & hyaline) and micro-increments of otoliths for the five target species of anchovies. 5.- To promote discussion to evaluate the extent to which the new information gathered would impact fishery management measures of these species.

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